Integrated geoelectrical and physicochemical characterization of groundwater and aquifer potential in volcanic aquifer systems of Central Java, Indonesia

Authors

  • Ronnawan Juniatmoko Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta, Indonesia
    ID Indonesia
  • Sadewa Aziz Diamonda Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta, Indonesia
    ID Indonesia
  • Dwi Purbowati Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta, Indonesia
    ID Indonesia
  • Rega Ferdinan Syaputro Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta, Indonesia
    ID Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62672/joease.v4i3.231

Keywords:

Aquifer potential, Electrical resistivity tomography, Groundwater quality, Hydrogeology, Volcanic aquifer

Abstract

Groundwater constitutes a strategic freshwater resource that is increasingly important for sustaining domestic, institutional, agricultural, and industrial activities, particularly in volcanic regions where surface water availability is often limited. This study aimed to evaluate groundwater quality and delineate aquifer potential in volcanic terrains of Central Java, Indonesia, through an integrated geoelectrical and physicochemical approach. Two-dimensional electrical resistivity surveys were conducted at the Klaten and Karanganyar campuses of UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta using the Wenner configuration to characterize subsurface lithology and identify potential aquifer zones. Groundwater samples were collected from existing wells and analyzed for physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters in accordance with the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023. The geoelectrical interpretation revealed that both study areas are dominated by volcanic deposits consisting of tuff, breccia, and lava. In Karanganyar, the prospective aquifer is characterized by interbedded tuffaceous sand occurring at depths of approximately 47–127 m, whereas in Klaten the aquifer comprises interbedded tuffaceous sand and fine sand at depths of 27–100 m. Groundwater quality analysis showed that most physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters complied with drinking water standards. However, nitrate concentration in Karanganyar groundwater (22.37 mg/L) exceeded the permissible limit, and total coliform bacteria were detected at 2 CFU/100 mL, indicating localized anthropogenic contamination. Overall, the integrated hydro geophysical and water quality assessment demonstrated that both sites possess moderate-to-high groundwater potential, although water treatment and regular monitoring are recommended to ensure sustainable and safe groundwater utilization.

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Published

12-08-2026

How to Cite

Juniatmoko, R., Diamonda, S. A., Purbowati, D., & Syaputro, R. F. (2026). Integrated geoelectrical and physicochemical characterization of groundwater and aquifer potential in volcanic aquifer systems of Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Environment and Sustainability Education, 4(3), 475–484. https://doi.org/10.62672/joease.v4i3.231

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026)

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Articles

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